{"id":7267,"date":"2006-08-29T14:55:00","date_gmt":"2006-08-29T14:55:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/melotopia.net\/b\/?p=7267"},"modified":"2006-08-29T14:55:00","modified_gmt":"2006-08-29T14:55:00","slug":"%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%b2%b4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/melotopia.net\/b\/?p=7267","title":{"rendered":"\ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\n \uc774\ubc88\uc5d4, \ub0b4 \uc804\uacf5\uacfc\ub294 \uc880 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc838\uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc \ud604\ub300 \uacfc\ud559 \uae30\uc220\uc758 \uacb0\uc815\uccb4\uc778 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uac00\uc838\ubcf4\ub3c4\ub85d \ud55c\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

\n \uc77c\ub2e8, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc740 \ub3c4\uccb4, \ubd80\ub3c4\uccb4, \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uc911\uc758 \ud558\ub098\uc774\ub2e4. \uc804\uae30\ub97c \uc798 \ud750\ub974\uac8c \ud558\uba74 \ub3c4\uccb4Conductor\uc774\uace0, \uc804\uae30\ub97c \ubabb \ud750\ub974\uac8c \ud558\uba74Insulator\uc774\uace0, \uadf8 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc788\uc73c\uba74 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4Semiconductor\uc774\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

\n \uc6b0\uc120 \uba3c\uc800 \ub3c4\uccb4\uc5d0 \uc804\uae30\uac00 \uc798 \ud750\ub974\ub294 \uc6d0\ub9ac\ubd80\ud130 \uc54c\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ub3c4\uccb4\ub294 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 \uae08\uc18dMetal\ub85c \ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uae08\uc18d \uc6d0\uc18c\ub4e4\uc740 \uac00\uc7a5 \ubc14\uae65\ucabd\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc804\uc790\uac00 1\uac1c\uc5d0\uc11c 3\uac1c\uc815\ub3c4 \ub41c\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uc774 \ubc14\uae65\ucabd\uc758 \uc804\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc6d0\uc790\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc798 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc838 \ub098\uac04\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4e4 \uc804\uc790 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uae08\uc18d \uc6d0\uc18c\ub4e4\uc740 \uae08\uc18d \uacb0\ud569\uc744 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uae08\uc18d \uacb0\ud569\uc740 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \uc790\uc720\ub86d\uac8c \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc838 \ub098\uac08 \uc218 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc6d0\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ub2ec\ub77c\ubd99\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4. (\uc65c \uadf8\ub7f4\uae4c\uc694? \u314b\u314b)\n <\/p>\n

\n \uc544\ubb34\ud2bc, \uc804\uc790\uac00 \uc790\uc720\ub86d\uac8c \ub3cc\uc544\ub2e4\ub2d0 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc131\uc9c8\uc740 \ub3c4\uccb4\uac00 \uc804\uae30 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub97c \uc218\uc1a1\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uc900\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uae08\uc18d \uacb0\ud569\uc740 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc774 \uae38\uac8c \ub298\uc5b4\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc11c \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uae08\uc18d\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud574\uc11c \uae38\ub2e4\ub780 \uc804\uc120\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub355\ubd84\uc5d0 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ubc1c\uc804\uc18c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc804\uae30 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0dd\uc0b0\ud558\uc5ec \uac01\uac01\uc758 \uc9d1\uc5d0\uae4c\uc9c0 \uacf5\uae09\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ub3c4\uccb4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 \uc804\ub958\uc758 \uc138\uae30\uac00 \uc804\uc555(\uc804\uae30\uc801 \uc704\uce58\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uc758 \ucc28\uc774)\uc5d0 \ube44\ub840\ud558\ub294 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc744 “\uc634\uc758 \ubc95\uce59”\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub974\uba70, \uc774\ub54c\uc758 \ube44\ub840 \uc0c1\uc218\uac00 \uc800\ud56d\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

\n \uc774\uc81c \ubd80\ub3c4\uccb4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uc790. \ubd80\ub3c4\uccb4\ub294 \ubb3c\ub860 \uc804\ub958\uac00 \ud750\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294, \uc804\ub958\uc758 \ud750\ub984\uc744 \ubc29\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc774\ub2e4. \ubd80\ub3c4\uccb4\ub294, \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud788, \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ubb3c\uc9c8 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc720\ub86d\uac8c \ub3cc\uc544\ub2e4\ub2d0 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uc804\uc790\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc6d0\uc790 \uadfc\ucc98\uc5d0 \uc18d\ubc15\ub418\uc5b4\uc11c \ub2e4\ub978 \uacf3\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7fc, \ubd80\ub3c4\uccb4\uc5d0 \uc804\uc555\uc774 \uac78\ub9ac\uac8c \ub418\uba74 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud604\uc0c1\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uac8c \ub420\uae4c? \uc804\ub958\uac00 \ud750\ub974\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc804\uc790\ub294 \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 \uc18d\ubc15\ub41c \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ucd5c\ub300\ud55c \uc804\uae30\uc7a5 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \uc989, \uc804\uc790\uc758 \uc704\uce58\uac00 \uc591\uadf9\ucabd\uc73c\ub85c \ud3b8\ud5a5\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc744 “\uc720\uc804 \ubd84\uadf9Polarization”\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4. \uadf9\uc774 \uc0dd\uae30\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc778\ub370, \uac04\ub2e8\ud788 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub824\uba74 \uc6d0\ub798\ub294 \uc74c\uc804\uae30\uc778 \uc804\uc790\uc758 \uc704\uce58\uc640 \uc591\uc804\uae30\uc778 \ud575\uc758 \uc704\uce58\uac00 \uacb9\uccd0\uc838 \uc788\uc5c8\ub294\ub370 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ubd84\ub9ac\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\uba74 \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774 \ud3b8\uadf9\uc758 \uc138\uae30\ub294 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc758 \uc138\uae30\uac00 \ucee4\uc9c8\uc218\ub85d \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \ucee4\uc9c0\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub54c\uc758 \ube44\ub840 \uc0c1\uc218\ub97c \uc804\uae30 \uac10\uc218\uc728\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4. \uad73\uc774 “\uc804\uae30”\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\uc744 \uc55e\uc5d0 \ubd99\uc774\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub294 \uac19\uc740 \ud604\uc0c1\uc774 \uc790\uc11d\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

\n \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \uc810\uc810 \uc138\uc9c8\uc218\ub85d \ud3b8\uadf9\uc740 \uc810\uc810 \uac15\ud574\uc9c0\ub294\ub370, \uc774\uac83\ub3c4 \uc5b4\ub290\uc815\ub3c4 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uba74 \ud55c\uacc4\uac00 \ub41c\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d \uc774 \ud55c\uacc4\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \uac15\ud55c \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \uc791\uc6a9\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uba74 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \uc18d\ubc15\ub418\uc5b4\uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc720\uc804 \ud30c\uad34Dielectric Breakdown\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub974\ub294\ub370, \uc0ac\uc2e4 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud558\ub2e4. \uac00\ub839, \uc904\ub2e4\ub9ac\uae30 \uacbd\uae30\ub97c \ud560 \ub54c\ub3c4 \uc5b4\ub290 \ud55c\ucabd\uc774 \ub04c\ub824\uac00\uba74 \uc2b9\ubd80\uac00 \ub098\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub108\ubb34 \uac15\ud558\uac8c \uc7a1\uc544\ub2f9\uae30\uba74 \uc904\uc774 \ub04a\uc5b4\uc838 \ubc84\ub9ac\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\uac00? \uc544\ubb34\ud2bc, \uc720\uc804 \ubd84\uadf9 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud574\uc11c \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ucd95\uc804\uae30\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4 \uc218 \uc788\uace0, \ucd95\uc804\uae30\uc640 \ucf54\uc77c\uc744 \uacb0\ud569\ud574\uc11c \ubb34\uc120 \ud1b5\uc2e0\uc744 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

\n \uadf8\ub7fc, \ub4dc\ub514\uc5b4 \uc6d0\ub798\uc758 \uc8fc\uc81c\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \uc598\uae30\ub97c \ud574 \ubcf4\uc790. \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub294 \uadf8\ub7fc \uc804\uc790\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uae38\ub798 \uc804\ub958\ub97c \ubc18\ucbe4\ub9cc \ud750\ub974\uac8c \ud558\ub294 \uac78\uae4c? \uc544\uc8fc \uc27d\ub2e4. \ub3c4\uccb4\ub294 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc838 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, \ubd80\ub3c4\uccb4\ub294 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ub2ec\ub77c\ubd99\uc5b4 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub294 \uadf8 \uc911\uac04\uc5d0 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ub35c \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc838 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac8c \ub300\uccb4 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub418\uc788\ub294 \uac70\ub0d0\uace0?\n <\/p>\n

\n \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub294 \ubcf4\ud1b5 4A\uc871 \uc6d0\uc18c\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud574\uc11c \ub9cc\ub4e0\ub2e4. 4\uc871 \uc6d0\uc18c\ub294 \ucd5c\uc678\uac01 \uc804\uc790\uac00 4\uac1c \uc788\ub294 \uc6d0\uc18c\ub4e4\uc778\ub370, \uadf8\uc911 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc720\uba85\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uaddc\uc18cSilicon\uc774\ub2e4. \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 \ud68c\ub85c\ub4e4\uc774 \uaddc\uc18c\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc838 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 \uaddc\uc18c\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub3c4 \uc544\uc8fc \ub9ce\uc774 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc6d0\ub9ac\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294\ub370\ub294 \uaddc\uc18c\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uba87\uac00\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc774\ud574\ud558\uba74 \ucda9\ubd84\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c\ub294 \uc5b8\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uaca0\ub2e4. (\uc0ac\uc2e4 \ub098\ub3c4 \uc798 \ubaa8\ub978\ub2e4)\n <\/p>\n

\n \uaddc\uc18c\ub294 \uac00\uc7a5 \ubc14\uae65\uc5d0 \uc804\uc790\uac00 4\uac1c \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \ucd5c\ub300 4\uac1c\uc758 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc6d0\uc790\ub4e4\uacfc \uc190\uc744 \uc7a1\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \uaddc\uc18c\ub4e4\ub07c\ub9ac \uc11c\ub85c\uc11c\ub85c \uc190\uc744 \uc7a1\uace0 \uaca9\uc790 \ubaa8\uc591\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uaddc\uc18c\uc758 \uaca9\uc790 \ud615\ud0dc\ub294 \ub2e4\uc774\uc544\ubaac\ub4dc\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ud615\ud0dc\ub97c \uac00\uc9c4\ub2e4.
\n \n<\/p>\n

\n
\n \uaca9\uc790\ub780?
\n <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n \uaca9\uc790Lattice\ub294 \uaddc\uce59\uc801\uc778 \uad6c\uc870\uac00 \ubc18\ubcf5\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uaca9\uc790 \uad6c\uc870\ub294 \uccb4\uc2a4\ud310\uc774\ub098 \ubc14\ub451\ud310\uc744 \uc0dd\uac01\ud574 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. 2\ucc28\uc6d0 \ud3c9\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \uaca9\uc790\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc0bc\uac01\ud615, \uc0ac\uac01\ud615, \uc721\uac01\ud615 \ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4. \ub098\uba38\uc9c0\ub294 \uaca9\uc790\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc900 \uaca9\uc790\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4. 3\ucc28\uc6d0 \uacf5\uac04\uc5d0\uc11c \uaca9\uc790 \ud615\ud0dc\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c \uc785\ubc29\uccb4(Simple Cubic), \uba74\uc2ec \uc785\ubc29 \uaca9\uc790(Face centered cubic), \uccb4\uc2ec \uc785\ubc29 \uaca9\uc790(Body centered cubic), \ub2e4\uc774\uc544\ubaac\ub4dc(Diamond), \uc9d5\ud06c\ube14\ub79c\ub4dc(Zinc-blend) \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\ubcc4\ub41c\ub2e4.
\n \n<\/div>\n

\n \uc544\ubb34\ud2bc, \uc911\uc694\ud55c\uac74 \uaca9\uc790 \uad6c\uc870\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc6d0\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc8fc\ubcc0 \uc0c1\ud669\uc774 \ub611\uac19\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uaca9\uc790 \uc548\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uac01\uac01\uc758 \uc6d0\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uacb0\ud569 \uad6c\uc870, \uc8fc\ubcc0\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc6d0\uc790\uc758 \uc218, \uadfc\ucc98\uc758 \uc804\uc790\uc758 \uc218 \ub4f1\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc6d0\uc790\ub97c \uace0\ub974\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uac19\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 \uc774\uac83\uc774 “\ub300\uce6d\uc131”\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc55e\uc11c\uc758 \uc598\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9ce\uc774 \ud574\ubd24\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc774 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uaddc\uc18c\ub294 \ubd80\ub3c4\uccb4\uc774\ub2e4. \uc804\uc790\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc838\ub098\uac08 \uad6c\uc11d\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0 3\uc871\uc774\ub098 5\uc871 \uc6d0\uc18c\uac00 \uba87\uac1c \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc6d0\uc18c\ub4e4\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ud558\ub098 \ubaa8\uc790\ub77c\uac70\ub098(3\uc871) \ud558\ub098 \ub0a8\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4(5\uc871). \uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8 \ub418\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc54a\ub294 \ub0a8\ub294 \uc790\ub9ac\uc640 \ub0a8\uc544\ub3c4\ub294 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \uaddc\uc18c \uc804\uccb4\uc758 \uc131\uc9c8\uc744 \ud655 \ubc14\uafd4\ubc84\ub9ac\uac8c \ub418\ub294\ub370 \uc544\uc8fc \ud654\ub824\ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \uac78\ub9ac\uac8c \ub418\uba74 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc77c\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0a0\uae4c? \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ud558\ub098 \ub0a8\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 \uc544\uc8fc \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc27d\ub2e4. \ub0a8\uc544\uc788\ub294 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc5ec\uc8fc\uba74 \ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud788, \uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 \uc804\ub958\uac00 \uc791\uac8c \ud750\ub974\uae34 \ud574\ub3c4 \uc804\ub958\uac00 \ud750\ub97c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ubaa8\uc790\ub77c\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5a8\uae4c? \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ubaa8\uc790\ub77c\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubb3c\ub860 \uc804\uc790\ub294 \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc65c\ub0d0\ud558\uba74, \ube48\uce78\uc774 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uadf8 \ube48\uce78\uc744 \uc606\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00\uba74\uc11c \uc804\uc790\uac00 \uc6d0\ub798 \uc788\ub358 \uc790\ub9ac\uac00 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ube48\uce78\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \uc5f0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uc218 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub418\uba74 \uadf8 \ube48\uce78\uc740 \ub9c8\uce58 “\uc804\uc790”\uc778\uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc774\uac8c \ub418\ub294\ub370, \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \uc804\uc790\uc640 \ub611\uac19\uc774 \ud589\ub3d9\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774 \ube48\uce78\uc744 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc591\uacf5Hole\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc774\uc81c 4\uc871 \uc6d0\uc18c\uc5d0 3\uc871\uc744 \uc870\uae08 \uc11e\uc740 \uac83\uc740 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ubaa8\uc790\ub77c\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 positive\ud615, \uc989 p\ud615 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub974\uace0 4\uc871 \uc6d0\uc18c\uc5d0 5\uc871\uc744 \uc870\uae08 \uc11e\uc740 \uac83\uc740 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ub0a8\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 negative\ud615, \uc989 n\ud615 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

p\ud615 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uc640 n\ud615 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub294 \uac01\uac01\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ubcc4\ub2e4\ub978 \uc7ac\ubbf8\ub97c \ubabb \ubcf4\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc p-n\uc811\ud569\uc774\ub098 p-n-p\uc811\ud569\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0b4\uac8c \ub418\uba74 \uc544\uc8fc \uc7ac\ubbf8\uc788\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \uc0dd\uae30\ub294\ub370, pn\uc811\ud569\uc774 \uc815\ub958 \uc791\uc6a9\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \ub2e4\uc774\uc624\ub4dc\uc774\uace0 pnp\ub098 npn\uc811\ud569\uc774 \uc99d\ud3ed \uc791\uc6a9\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \ud2b8\ub79c\uc9c0\uc2a4\ud130\uac00 \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc774\uc624\ub4dc\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub9cc \ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\ub2e4. \ud2b8\ub79c\uc9c0\uc2a4\ud130\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc791\ub3d9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub294 \ub2e4\uc774\uc624\ub4dc \uc598\uae30\ub9cc \ub4e3\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud574 \ubcf4\uac70\ub098, \uc778\ud130\ub137\uc744 \ub4a4\uc838\ubcf4\uae30 \ubc14\ub780\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc790, p\ud615 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uc640 n\ud615 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub97c \ubd99\uc5ec\ub1a8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7fc? \uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4 \uadf8 \uacbd\uacc4\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud55c\ucabd\uc740 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ub0a8\uc544\ub3cc\uace0 \ud55c\ucabd\uc740 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ubaa8\uc790\ub77c\ub294 \ud604\uc0c1\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 \uc804\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \ucd5c\uc18c\ud55c \uac01\uac01\uc758 \uc6d0\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd99\uc7a1\ud600 \uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ud568\ubd80\ub85c \uc804\ub958\uac00 \ud750\ub974\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \ub354\uad70\ub2e4\ub098, \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ubaa8\uc790\ub77c\ub294 \ucabd\uc73c\ub85c \ubbf8\ub9ac \uc774\ub3d9\ud574 \ubc84\ub9b0\ub2e4\uba74 \uc6d0\ub798 \ub0a8\ub358 \ucabd\uc5d0 \uc788\ub358 \uc6d0\uc790\uac00 \uc911\uc131\uc744 \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4 \uc804\uc790\ub97c \ub04c\uc5b4\ub2f9\uae30\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc804\ub958\uac00 \uadf8\ub0e5 \ud750\ub974\ub294 \uc77c\uc740 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \uac78\ub9b0\ub2e4\uba74 \uc5b4\ub5a8\uae4c?
\n
\n \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \uac78\ub9ac\uac8c \ub418\uba74, \uc804\uc790\ub294 \uc790\uae30\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uc704\uce58\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\ub824\uace0 \ud560 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370, \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ubaa8\uc790\ub77c\ub294 \ucabd\uc5d0\uc11c \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ub0a8\uc544\ub3c4\ub294 \ucabd\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\uc790\uac00 \uc774\ub3d9\ud560 \uc218\ub294 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc65c\ub0d0\ud558\uba74 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ubaa8\uc790\ub77c\ub294 \ucabd\uc5d0\uc11c \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ub0a8\uc544\ub3c4\ub294 \ucabd\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\uc790\ub97c \ub118\uaca8\uc8fc\ub824\uba74 \uc804\uc790\ub97c \uc5b5\uc9c0\ub85c \ub5bc\uc5b4\ub0b4\uc57c \ud558\ub294\ub370 \uc774\uac74 \uc788\ub294\ub188\uc774 \ub354 \ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ube48\uace4\uce35\ud55c\ud14c\uc11c \uc138\uae08 \uac77\ub294\uac83\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \uc77c\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8 \ubc18\ub300\ub294 \uc544\uc8fc \uc27d\ub2e4. \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ub0a8\uc544\ub3c4\ub294 \ucabd\uc5d0\uc11c \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ubaa8\uc790\ub77c\ub294 \ucabd\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\uc790\ub97c \ub118\uaca8\uc8fc\ub294\uac74 \ub300\ub2e8\ud788 \uc26c\uc6b4 \uc77c\uc774\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c, \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \uac78\ub838\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc774 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc5d0 \ub9de\ucdb0\uc11c \uac78\ub9ac\uac8c \ub418\uba74 \uc804\ub958\uac00 \uc798 \ud750\ub974\uace0 \ubc18\ub300\ub85c \uac78\ub9ac\uac8c \ub418\uba74 \uc804\ub958\uac00 \ud750\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc989, \uc774 \uc18c\uc790\ub294 \uc634\uc758 \ubc95\uce59\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc758 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc21c\ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc800\ud56d\uc774 0\uc5d0 \uac00\uae5d\uace0 \uc5ed\ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc800\ud56d\uc774 \ubb34\ud55c\ub300\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub09c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ubb3c\ub860 \uc5ed\ubc29\ud5a5\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud55c\uc5c6\uc774 \ubc84\ud2f8 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ed\ubc29\ud5a5\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4, \uc55e\uc11c \ubd80\ub3c4\uccb4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc640 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc808\uc5f0 \ud30c\uad34 \ud604\uc0c1\uc774 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0a0 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub7f0 \uc77c\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uba74 \uc5ed\ubc29\ud5a5\uc77c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \uc880 \ubc84\ud2f0\ub2e4\uac00 \uac11\uc790\uae30 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc804\ub958\uac00 \ud750\ub974\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc744 \ub530\ub85c \ud68c\ub85c \uc18c\uc790\ub85c \uac1c\ubc1c\ud558\ub294\ub370, \uc81c\ub108 \ub2e4\uc774\uc624\ub4dczener diode\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4<\/p>\n

\uc774\uac8c \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 \uc598\uae30\uc758 \ub05d\uc778\uac00? \ubb3c\ub860 \uc774\uc815\ub3c4\ub85c\ub294 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uc5d0\uc11c \ud558\ub294 \uc598\uae30\uc758 \uc2dc\uc791\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc880 \ub354 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 Band Structure\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c \uae30\ud68c\uc5d0 \ud574\ubcf4\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uaca0\ub2e4.
\n <\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\"\uc2e0\uace0\"
\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\uc774\ubc88\uc5d4, \ub0b4 \uc804\uacf5\uacfc\ub294 \uc880 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc838\uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc \ud604\ub300 \uacfc\ud559 \uae30\uc220\uc758 \uacb0\uc815\uccb4\uc778 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uac00\uc838\ubcf4\ub3c4\ub85d \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc77c\ub2e8, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc740 \ub3c4\uccb4, \ubd80\ub3c4\uccb4, \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uc911\uc758 \ud558\ub098\uc774\ub2e4. \uc804\uae30\ub97c \uc798 \ud750\ub974\uac8c \ud558\uba74 \ub3c4\uccb4Conductor\uc774\uace0, \uc804\uae30\ub97c \ubabb \ud750\ub974\uac8c \ud558\uba74Insulator\uc774\uace0, \uadf8 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc788\uc73c\uba74 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4Semiconductor\uc774\ub2e4. \uc6b0\uc120 \uba3c\uc800 \ub3c4\uccb4\uc5d0 \uc804\uae30\uac00 \uc798 \ud750\ub974\ub294 \uc6d0\ub9ac\ubd80\ud130 \uc54c\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ub3c4\uccb4\ub294 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 \uae08\uc18dMetal\ub85c \ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uae08\uc18d \uc6d0\uc18c\ub4e4\uc740 \uac00\uc7a5 \ubc14\uae65\ucabd\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc804\uc790\uac00 1\uac1c\uc5d0\uc11c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-academic"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8o6gA-1Td","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/melotopia.net\/b\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/melotopia.net\/b\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/melotopia.net\/b\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/melotopia.net\/b\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/melotopia.net\/b\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7267"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/melotopia.net\/b\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7267\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/melotopia.net\/b\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7267"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/melotopia.net\/b\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7267"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/melotopia.net\/b\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}