[카테고리:] 언어

  • 성적

    이번학기는 정말 고군분투했다. 미국문학이 D학점으로, 4문제 이상 더 틀렸으면 F를 받을 뻔 했다. 영국소설은 C-를 받았다. 재밌었는데…

    영미희곡은 B-를 받았다. 어쨌든, 나머지 과목들도 대충 B급이라 최종적으로 이번학기는 2.4로 마무리. 그리고 현재까지 전체 평점은 2.6이다.

    다음학기에 전과목 A+을 받아야 간신히 졸업학점이 3.0을 넘겠네… 그냥 곱게 졸업이나 해야겠다.

  • 두번째 토익점수

    토익점수가 나왔다. 무려 795점.

    방송대 영문과의 졸업논문을 면제 받기 위한 800점에서 5점 모자란다. 아… 젠장.

    듣기는 350점, 읽기는 445점을, 매우 기분이 오묘하다. 더이상 읽기 능력을 강화할 수는 없고, 듣기 점수를 올려야 한다는 뜻 아닌가.

    외국인이랑 대화는 꽤 하는편이라고 생각하는데 왜 난 듣기가 안되지? 물론 시험 준비를 전혀 안하고 가기 때문에 한계는 있겠지만. 정말 학원이라도 다녀야 하는건가…

  • 주어

    나랑 친구랑 대화하다가.

    친:KLDP였나?

    (한참후)

    나:뭐가?

    친:비밀번호를 잊어먹었거든

    나:그런데?

    친:KLDP랑 같아서

    나:????

    이명박 대통령이 한국어에 미친 악영향 또한 그 끝을 가늠할 수 없었다.

    뱀다리 – 그러나 나는 그녀의 언어영역 대박을 기원한다.

  • de-

    devastate: 한 지역을 완전히 파괴하다. (사람에게) 완전히 망가뜨리다. 충격을 주다.

    destruct: 자폭하다.

    deconstruct: 해체하다. (해체하는 대상이 철학적 대상인 경우에 사용.)



    [각주:

    1

    ]



    detonate:폭발하다. 폭파시키다.

    demolish: 철거하다. 무너뜨리다.

    deteriorate: 악화되다. 나빠지다. (처음 보면 발음하기 난감해 보이는 단어. [디티!뤼오뤠이트]처럼 발음하면 된다.)

    diminish: 줄어들다. (나는 이놈이 decline과 비슷한 단어라서 철자를 deminish로 잘못 알고 있었다.)

    1. Tremulous에 보면, 건물을 다른 곳으로 옮기기 위해서 “decon”하는데, 이것은 construct의 반대 개념으로 Deconstruct를 사용하면서 나온 용어이다. 그런데, 그러고보면 Tremulous도 꽤 [철학적]인 게임이라는 것인가.

      [본문으로]

  • 0은 단수인가 복수인가

    문득 그런 생각이 들었다. 분명 1개는 단수이다. 1개는 영어에서도 관사를 붙여서 a든 an이든 the든 붙어있다. 그런데…

    0개는?

    2개 이상은 물론 복수(plural)다. 0개는 복수인가 단수인가.


    http://www.physicsforums.com/archive/index.php/t-313634.html

    검색해보니 나보다 먼저 이런 질문을 던진 인간이 있었다. 왜 그게 물리학 포럼에 올라가 있는가는… 역시 물리?


    http://english.stackexchange.com/questions/38293/why-is-zero-plural


    http://english.stackexchange.com/questions/13073/correct-plural-form-of-a-zero-quantified-noun

    여기에도 뭔가 있고.

    일단, stackexchange에 Neely의 답을 고려해 보자. 역사적으로 0이 개발된건 다른 애들보다 더 나중이다. 따라서 당연히 헷갈릴 수 있다. 아무튼 0개는 복수다. 그리고 영어에서는 1개가 아닌 나머지 갯수들은 모두 복수로 취급한다. 특히, zero나 no를 아무것도 없다는 뜻의 형용사로 사용하여 명사 앞에 붙일 때는, 그 명사를 복수형으로 쓰는 것이 더 자연스럽게 들린다고 한다.

    한국어에서는 별 문제가 없는데, 한국어에서 복수를 나타내는 접미사 “-들”은 흔히 생략되기 마련이고, 생략되더라도 모태 한국인이면 대부분 문맥으로부터 수를 알아챌 수 있다. 심지어 0개인 경우에 0이 수식하는 단어를 복수형 명사로 사용하면 정말 어색해진다.



    [각주:

    1

    ]



    no = not any이기 때문에, 사실 There are not any books를 There are no books로 쓸 수 있다. 그런데 앞의 경우에는 복수를 쓰는 것이 맞다. 왜냐하면, any books는 실제로 그 의미가 the number of books is any number를 내포하고 있기 때문에, books의 복수로써의 의미가 살아있어서 any books가 타당하다. 그리고 이 뜻이 그대로 no에 전달된다면, 0개는 복수형으로 간주하는 것이 맞다.

    1. 사실은 “no”나 “nothing”에 해당하는 한국어 단어가 없다.

      [본문으로]

  • ~에 따르면

    대화하다보면, “xxx가 얘기해줬는데” 라든가 “xxx의 견해에 따르면” 같은 구문을 쓸 일이 있다. 이럴 때는 according to xxx 를 쓰면 된다.

    만약 “진짜인지는 모르겠지만, 내가 아는 바에 따르면” 처럼 이야기하고 싶다면 as far as I know 를 문장 앞이나 뒤에 붙이면 된다.

  • 광주 토플학원

    동구 대인동에 김창선 학원

    프린스턴 학원 (어딨는지 모름)

    줄리아 토플 (시내… 그곳은 어디인가.)

  • 3학년 2학기 성적

    3학년 2학기 성적이 발표되었다.

    2학년 과목인 영작문1이 A

    나머지는 다 3학년 과목이다.

    영국문학의 이해와 영작문2는 B를 받았다.

    영어발음의 원리와 영어회화2는 C를 받았다.

    현대세계의 이해와 영어듣기는 C-를 받았다.

    합쳐서 이번학기 평균평점은 2.6점이다. 아무래도 어디가서 영문과 졸업했다는 소리는 못하고 다니겠다.

  • Academic statement



    Please provide a concise

    academic

    statement of your plans for graduate study, you r career goals, and how MSU’s
    graduate program will help you meet your career and educational objectives.


    Why do you want to study Physics at the
    graduate leve


    l?






    Describe any research experience, including
    conferences attended and papers published.





    State your area(s) of interest. If you are
    undecided, list all areas that appeal to you.








    In the future,
    I will be a physicist of the most creative scientist. I studied particle
    physics, which deals with pure quantum mechanical system, and worked in a
    laboratory, which uses extremely strong laser and generates high energy
    particles. What I notice from the experiences is that I like to find practical
    to objects that I apply theories that I learned and found. Solid state physics
    is appropriate for the purpose because it is easily verified by relatively
    smaller scale experiments than particle physics and high power laser science as
    well as knowledge in particle and laser physics is still effective and useful. Moreover,
    recent discoveries such as graphene and super-solid stimulate my curiosity. My
    interest is to apply theoretical method to solid state materials and confirm it
    from experiments in order to understand their physical characteristics.



    My first
    research was neutrino phenomenology and particle detector development in
    master’s course. In neutrino physics, I studied massive neutrinos and their mixing
    parameters. According to neutrino oscillation experiments, the interaction
    eigenstates of neutrinos are not the mass eigenstates as well as neutrinos must
    have non-zero masses. This mixing is similar structure to but much larger than
    that of quark sector. I assumed a model so called “complex quark-lepton
    complementarity” and derived the parameters from the model. The model is
    based on two ideas. One of them is that theoretical frame explaining quark
    sector, Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix, is very similar to that of neutrino
    sector, Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata matrix. The matrices are factorized to
    three elementary rotation matrices(Eulerian rotation matrices) and one complex
    phase matrix. The other is that each sum of angles corresponding to the same
    elementary matrix in two mixing matrices is almost pi/4. This is called
    quark-lepton complementarity model. Because two matrices describe rotations in
    3-dimensional complex space, the complementarity can be generalized to 3-dimensional
    complex space and one of their eigenvectors can be taken as the axis of rotation.
    After taking the axis, we can determine rotation angles of two matrices around
    the axis. My argument is two angles have relation similar to Pythagorean
    theorem. The relation acts as a constraint to mixing angles, so unknown mixing
    parameters can be derived.



    In particle
    detector project, my task was to design detector chamber and to simulate
    current signal obtained by detector circuit originated from high energy cosmic
    ray. The chamber was type of multiwire proportional chamber. I made the chamber
    design with a computer aided design software. The chamber was operated in
    vacuum because high voltage was assigned to multi-wire and poor vacuum might
    cause to air breakdown. To obtain simulated signal, thanked to a simulation
    code developed by a member in my group, which traced pathes of charged
    particles induced by cosmic rays in the field, temporal charge signal was
    interpreted as current, which was converted to oscilloscope waveform after amplifier
    circuit by circuit simulation program.



    The second
    research was ultra-high power laser experiment. When I was in Advanced
    Photonics Research Institute, I participated in extremely intensive laser
    application experiments, which were particle acceleration and secondary radiation
    generation. In the experiments, my major tasks were to operate detectors and to
    analyse obtained signal. When a target is irradiated by extremely intensive and
    short laser pulse, charged particles are accelerated and secondary lights like
    water window x-ray and x-ray laser are generated by interaction between laser
    and plasma. To distinguish particle species, we developed Time-of-flight
    spectrometer and Thomson parabola spectrometer. In the development, I did
    assemble, examine, calibrate, and operate the detectors and wrote program code
    to diagnose characteristics of particles: energy, current, temperature,
    divergence, and spectrum. Another part of my tasks was to produce ultra-thin
    film of a few nm thickness to use as laser target. I made the film with
    spin-coating method from an organic polymer and multi-layer film of the polymer
    and metal with plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition devices. The film was
    used as a target to accelerate heavy ions with relativistic kinetic energy. As
    a minor part of jobs, I was assistant manager of radiation safety: radioisotope
    management and radiation detector monitoring.



    As shown above,
    I am good at dealing with physical problems by mathematical, computational, and
    experimental methods because I have experienced both laboratories of theory and
    experiment. Even though portion for me to perform works related to solid state
    physics is small, my experience is benefit because when I try to solve a
    problem, it will allow me to approach different sight of view to traditional
    ways. Hence, I would propose and perform experiments to prove my theories and
    arguments.



    All in all, I
    was a generalist who is experienced in many fields: particle, plasma, optics,
    and nuclear physics and in various methodologies: theoretical, computational,
    and experimental researches. Now, I want to proceed a specialized physicist
    studying solid state material or heavy ion acceleration. Solid state physics Explaining
    my academic objectives concretely, I want to find mathematical structure to
    understand matters, to compute its physical properties using computational
    tools such as density functional theory if there is no analytic solution, and
    to prove it from experiments. My experiences will be helpful to research
    because broad experiences should give me creative ideas and solutions for the
    unsolved

  • Personal statement




    Your personal statement should include
    information about how your background and life experiences, including social,
    economic, cultural, familial, educational, or other opportunities or challenges
    motivated you to pursue a graduate degree.



    I will be a physicsist. Physics is most
    elementary among many fields of natural science. The law of physics affects
    everywhere and everything from motion of the universe to culture of the human.
    Even though many problems in physics has been solved, there are still many
    physics problems to be solved as well. I want to be a physicist to study the
    problems.


    In my early childhood, I was interested in
    stars and galaxies in the sky. As growing, I noticed that the physical law of
    the universe dominates them, so I chose to study physics because I wanted to
    know the law. In Chung-ang university, I found my mathematical talent and majored
    in physics and mathematics. I like physics more than mathematics because
    physics can be proven by experiments whereas mathematics can not. To study
    deeper physics, I entered graduate school for master’s degree of physics. In
    the graduate school, I studied both theoretical and experimental physics. This
    experience lead me to experimental laboratory, Advanced Photonics Research
    Institute. In the institute, I performed various tasks, for example,
    installation and operation of particle spectrometer, alignment and diagnosis of
    high power laser, and aquisition and analysis of signal data, the results from
    which were published to papers and patents.


    However, the job assigned to me was just to
    assist experiments and I could not take a chance to organize experiments with
    my proper idea. I suggested new optimization methods and processes and they
    were accepted. Although the suggestion made indeed improvement, it was not evaluated
    as my contribution because I was regarded as a technician, which supports senior
    researchers. It is not bad to assist researches, but it is more interesting and
    exciting for me to lead the researches. I want to propose and perform my proper
    theory and experiment.



    In order to be an independant scientist, I
    need to be trained professionally and to get Ph. D.. I can not be more
    passionable than now. My preparation is enough for advanced studying in
    graduate school. I can propose my theory and suggest experiment to prove it for
    a given physical problem.